Causes of abnormal uterine bleeding and when surgery is required

 Abnormal uterine bleeding is a gynecological condition that can be faced by women at any age. It refers to the bleeding from the uterus apart from the menstrual cycle. Sometimes irregular periods can be normal, but frequent abnormal bleeding can signify health issues that require timely treatment. Hence, Dr. Ruchi Rai Ahuja, the best gynecologist in Chandigarh, has come up with a blog on the causes of abnormal bleeding and when surgery is required. She holds more than 22 years of experience in this field and offers honest advice. 

Understanding Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

AUB can occur in several ways, including excessively heavy bleeding, bleeding between periods, or prolonged menstruation lasting more than seven days. The condition can significantly affect a woman’s quality of life, leading to fatigue, anemia, and emotional stress. Early evaluation by a gynecologist in Chandigarh is essential to identify the root cause and prevent complications.

Common Causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

  1. Hormonal Imbalance – The most common cause of AUB is an imbalance between estrogen and progesterone. Factors like stress, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, or menopause can disrupt normal hormone levels, leading to irregular or heavy bleeding.

  2. Uterine Fibroids – Non-cancerous growths in the uterus, called fibroids, can cause heavy or prolonged bleeding. They are more common in women over 30 and may also lead to pelvic pain or pressure.

  3. Polyps – Endometrial polyps are small growths in the lining of the uterus that can cause spotting or irregular bleeding between periods.

  4. Medications and Contraceptives – Hormonal contraceptives, anticoagulants, or certain medications may interfere with normal menstrual cycles and result in abnormal bleeding.

  5. Pregnancy-Related Issues – Miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or complications during pregnancy can present with unusual uterine bleeding. Immediate medical evaluation is necessary in such cases.

  6. Infections – Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or uterine infections can trigger abnormal bleeding along with other symptoms such as pelvic pain and fever.

  7. Cancer – Although less common, cancers of the uterus, cervix, or ovaries can present as abnormal bleeding, especially in postmenopausal women. Early detection is critical for effective treatment.

When Surgery Is Required for AUB

Not all cases of abnormal uterine bleeding require surgery. Initially, doctors may recommend medications, hormonal therapy, or minimally invasive procedures to manage symptoms. However, surgical intervention may be necessary in the following situations:

  • When the bleeding does not stop even after medication.

  • Presence of large polyps that cause pain and discomfort.

  • Abnormal bleeding due to precancerous or cancerous changes in the uterus

  • Structural abnormalities like adenomyosis that affect uterine function

  • Severe anemia caused by chronic blood loss

Common surgical options include hysteroscopy for polyp or fibroid removal, endometrial ablation to reduce excessive bleeding, or hysterectomy in severe cases where other treatments fail. Decisions regarding surgery are made after thorough evaluation, imaging, and discussion of the patient’s health, age, and reproductive goals.

Expert Care with the Best Gynecologist in Chandigarh

When it comes to managing abnormal bleeding, it is consulting a highly skilled and qualified gynecologist is crucial, and hence, Dr. Ruchi Rai Ahuja provides tailored treatments that can address your health issues effectively. Additionally, Ahuja Clinic is equipped with both surgical and non-surgical machines. The clinic provides a comfy environment for women to easily openup about their problems. Not only that, you get post-surgery care. 

Final Thoughts


Abnormal uterine bleeding can hurt women’s physical and emotional well-being. Ruchi Rai Ahuja has a vast amount of expertise in helping women lead a confident life. Moreover, you can get affordable treatment plans. With proper diagnosis and care from the best gynecologist in Chandigarh, abnormal uterine bleeding can be managed effectively, allowing women to maintain reproductive health and live comfortably without disruption to their daily lives.

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